Scoured by ice and weathered by storms 被冰冲刷,被风暴风化
20,000 square miles of rugged coastline, lochs and mountains. 20000平方英里崎岖的海岸线、湖泊和山脉.
On the face of it, it looks bleak and lifeless 从表面上看,它显得苍凉无生气
but wildlife is thriving in this unforgiving place 但是野生动物在这个无情的地方繁衍生息
if you know where to look. 如果你知道去哪里找.
The seasons may be harsh 季节可能很严酷
and the opportunities fleeting. 机会转瞬即逝.
But animals and people have found ways to succeed here, 但是动物和人类已经找到了成功的方法,
turning adversity into advantage. 把逆境变成优势.
This is Scotland's wild heart 这是苏格兰的狂野之心
#NAME? #名字？
It's late March in the Cairngorm mountains and the hills are on fire. 三月下旬,凯恩戈姆山上的山火熊熊燃烧.
The old heather is being put to the torch 老石楠被点燃了
to stimulate new growth for the grouse season. 为松鸡季节刺激新的生长.
Traditionally, this inferno marks the end of winter 传统上,这个地狱标志着冬天的结束
and the start of spring in this wilderness. 在这荒野里春天的开始.
But spring is the most unpredictable of all the seasons in the Highlands. 但是春天是高原所有季节中最不可预测的.
Temperatures regularly range from -10 to 20 degrees. 温度通常在-10到20度之间.
So, to achieve success here, animals have to battle with the extremes. 所以,要在这里取得成功,动物必须与极端斗争.
It's all about timing. 关键是时间.
Mate, nest, or give birth at the wrong time and lives can be lost. 交配,筑巢,或在错误的时间生产,生命可能会失去.
But get it right and these mountains, forests 但是把它修好,这些山,森林
and rivers provide the perfect place to raise the next generation. 河流为养育下一代提供了完美的地方.
BIRD CHIRPS 鸟鸣
It can be so good that some travel thousands of miles to reap 有些人为了收获而千里迢迢地旅行
the bounty the Highlands has to offer. 高地提供的赏金.
It's an osprey. 是一只鱼鹰.
Newly arrived from his wintering grounds in West Africa 西非的土地
and heading back into the heart of the Highlands. 在高地上.
200 pairs of ospreys make the Highlands vast network of river, 高原广阔的河网,
loch and mountain their home. 32 32个 The hills start to rise just 20 miles north of the country's 33 33个 Central Belt and cover two thirds of the entire nation. 34 34个 To most of the world, the Highlands define what Scotland is all about. 35 35岁 BIRD CAWS 0 36 00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:27,000 36 00:05:25000-->00:05:27000 0
The female is already on the nest, waiting for her mate. 雌鸟已经在巢里等着她的配偶了.
They've spent the winter in different parts of Africa 他们在非洲的不同地区过冬
but osprey's mate for life 但是鱼鹰的终身伴侣
and now they're reunited on the same nest they used last year. 现在他们在去年用过的同一个巢穴里团聚了.
But, after the gales of winter, it needs some urgent home improvements. 但是,在冬天的大风过后,它需要一些紧急的家庭改善.
Already more than five feet wide, this platform will need to 已经超过五英尺宽了,这个平台需要
withstand strong winds, heavy rain and maybe even sleet or snow. 能经受强风、大雨甚至雨夹雪.
They need to complete the makeover as quickly as possible 他们需要尽快完成改造
because, once the eggs are laid, the female won't leave the nest 因为,一旦下蛋,雌性就不会离开巢
until she's raised her family. 直到她把家养大.
For the next 13 weeks, she'll be completely dependent on the male. 在接下来的13周里,她将完全依赖男性.
Spring's the busiest time for the animals in the valley. 春天是山谷里动物最忙的时候.
Brown hares, curlews, 棕色野兔,卷毛兔,
and stoats are all getting ready for the breeding season. 而白鼬都在为繁殖季节做准备.
This male roe deer is keeping close watch on a female, 这只雄狍正在密切监视一只雌狍,
but she won't let him near. 但她不让他靠近.
She's already heavily pregnant 她已经怀孕了
and searching for a quiet spot to give birth. 找个安静的地方生孩子.
The next few days will be critical for all the wild animals here. 接下来的几天对这里所有的野生动物都是至关重要的.
A new generation is about to arrive. 新一代即将到来.
But the conditions are still far from settled. 但条件还远未解决.
Although it's now April, the temperatures still haven't 虽然现在是四月,但气温仍然没有
climbed above 10 degrees and clouds hang heavy 爬升到10度以上,云层沉重
from Loch Awe in the west to the Cairngorms in the east. 从西边的阿威湖到东边的凯恩戈姆河.
But, in the great Caledonian pine forest of Abernethy, 但是,在阿伯内西的大喀里多尼亚松林里,
there's change in the air. 空气中有变化.
It's a red squirrel. 是只红松鼠.
Although they've been displaced by grey squirrels in most 尽管它们在大多数情况下被灰松鼠取代了
of Britain, they're thriving here in the Caledonian Forest. 在英国,它们在喀里多尼亚森林中繁衍生息.
There are 120,000 of them in Scotland - 苏格兰有12万人-
75% of the British population - and they're increasing. 英国75%的人口——而且还在增加.
The habitat here is ideal for them, with abundant food 这里的栖息地非常适合他们,食物丰富
and plenty of potential nest sites. 还有很多潜在的巢穴.
With double jointed ankles and small, sharp claws, 双关节脚踝和小而锋利的爪子,
they can get up and down trees fast. 他们能很快地上下树.
Early spring is a busy time for red squirrels. 早春对红松鼠来说是个忙碌的季节.
Already pregnant with kittens, this female is 已经怀了小猫,这只母的
looking for a comfortable nest site, away from predators. 寻找一个舒适的巢位,远离捕食者.
She'll either build a drey from twigs and leaves 她要么用树枝和树叶做一个渣滓
or use an uninhabited tree hole. 或者用一个无人居住的树洞.
She'll need to keep searching. 她需要继续寻找.
But this female's territory is large, 但这个女人的地盘很大,
she's got 17 acres of pine forest and river to search yet. 她还有17英亩的松林和河流要找.
50 miles beyond the forest, on the River Braan, 离森林50英里,在布莱恩河上,
a pair of special Highland birds have already built their nest. 一对特殊的高原鸟已经筑巢了.
They're dippers, birds that are marvellously 它们是北斗七星,是奇妙的鸟
adapted for life in this fast-changing environment. 适应了快速变化的环境.
Britain's only aquatic songbird, dippers have waterproof plumage 英国唯一的水生鸣禽,北斗七星有防水的羽毛
to keep them dry, and long, flexible feet for gripping slippery rocks. 保持他们干燥,长,灵活的脚抓住光滑的岩石.
Their white bibs and dark bodies keep them well camouflaged as 他们的白围嘴和黑身体使他们伪装得很好
they dive for insect larvae amongst the boulders and rapids. 它们潜入巨石和急流中寻找昆虫幼虫.
In spring, these are in plentiful supply. 在春天,这些东西供应充足.
DIPPER CHIRPS 北斗七星啁啾
The dippers are working nonstop as they've already got 北斗七星已经在不停地工作了
hungry mouths to feed. 饥肠辘辘.
Carefully covered by a neat moss dome, 被一个整洁的苔藓覆盖,
the nest's position may look dangerous 鸟巢的位置看起来很危险
but it offers total protection from predators 但它提供了完全的保护
like stoats and weasels. 像白鼬和黄鼠狼.
Food goes in and waste comes out. 食物进,废物出.
Even a large fish is delivered, 即使是一条大鱼,
an indication that the chicks are well-grown. 表明小鸡长得很好.
For now, the river's level is just right for the chicks to make 现在,河水的水位正好适合小鸡们
an easy exit. 一个简单的出口.
But if heavy rain arrives, the waterfall will become a torrent, 但如果下大雨,瀑布就会变成急流,
which could sweep the nest away. 会把巢扫走的.
At last, the weather is warming. 最后,天气变暖和了.
For the first time this year, temperatures climb to 15 degrees. 今年,气温首次上升到15度.
It's now a priority for the Highland animals to feed themselves up, 现在高地动物的首要任务就是养活自己,
ready for the next phase of spring. 准备迎接春天的下一个阶段.
Over the next couple of months, the male osprey will need to 在接下来的几个月里,雄性鱼鹰需要
catch more than 400 fish to keep his family going. 为了养家糊口,他钓了400多条鱼.
He makes hunting look easy but it's a game of stealth and patience. 他使狩猎看起来很容易,但这是一个秘密和耐心的游戏.
Only one in four strikes are successful. 只有四分之一的罢工是成功的.
He needs to find a fish in the right position and get the speed, 他需要找到一条鱼在正确的位置并获得速度,
angle and point of entry exactly right. 角度和切入点完全正确.
After hitting the water and grabbing the fish, 打水抓鱼之后,
the game still isn't over for the osprey in its quarry. 猎物中的鱼鹰的游戏还没有结束.
He needs to get airborne again. 他需要再次升空.
His talons are equipped with adhesive scales 他的爪子上有粘着的鳞片
and long, curved claws for an unbreakable hold. 又长又弯的爪子抓得牢不可破.
But a big trout can match him weight-for-weight 但是一条大鳟鱼的体重可以和他匹敌
and the instinct of the fish is to swim down. 鱼的本能是向下游.
There are tales of weak and hungry ospreys being dragged to the bottom, 有故事说虚弱饥饿的鱼鹰被拖到海底,
unable to release the fish or lift off from the water successfully. 无法将鱼释放或成功从水中提离.
But osprey wings are adapted to give maximum lift from the water. 但是鱼鹰的翅膀能够提供最大的升力.
And this male is young and strong. 而这只雄性又年轻又强壮.
This is a struggle he's destined to win. 这是他注定要赢的一场斗争.
He carries the fish headfirst, 他头先抬着鱼,
making it easier to fly the 20 mile journey home. 让20英里的回家之旅更轻松.
Back in the valley, the female waits in the nest. 回到山谷里,雌鸟在巢里等待.
Their need to feed is even more urgent now. 他们现在更需要吃饭.
She's no longer alone in the nest. 她不再是一个人在巢里了.
There are definitely chicks in there! 里面肯定有小妞！
They're not the valley's only new arrivals. 他们不是山谷里唯一的新来的人.
Deep in the long grass, at the edge of the field, lies another new baby. 在田野边缘的长草深处,躺着另一个新婴儿.
With immaculate camouflage, it instinctively lies motionless. 它有着完美的伪装,本能地一动不动.
The roe deer has given birth. 狍子已经生了.
Leaving her offspring alone like this 就这样把她的后代一个人留下
seems like a high-risk strategy. 似乎是个高风险的策略.
But the mother needs to feed 但是母亲需要喂养
and the youngster is too young to run away from danger, 年轻人还太小,无法逃离危险,
so hiding is the only option. 所以隐藏是唯一的选择.
The mother approaches warily. 母亲小心翼翼地走近.
She mustn't reveal the location to any watching predators, 她不能向任何正在监视的捕食者透露地点,
like eagles or foxes. 像鹰或狐狸.
But it's not predators that are the greatest threat to young roe deer. 但对幼鹿来说,最大的威胁并不是捕食者.
A sudden drop in spring temperatures could be fatal. 春季气温突然下降可能是致命的.
The male osprey is back with the fish. 公鱼鹰和鱼一起回来了.
He's now got a lot more mouths to feed. 他现在要养活更多的人了.
There are three hungry chicks in the nest. 巢里有三只饥饿的小鸡.
Fuelled by their high protein fish diet, osprey chicks become 鱼鹰小鸡在高蛋白鱼类饮食的刺激下
full size in just five weeks. 五个星期内就全尺寸了.
And once they're 12 weeks old, they face an even bigger test. 一旦他们12周大,他们将面临更大的考验.
A flight to distant Africa. 飞往遥远非洲的航班.
Just one mile north of the ospreys' valley lies the Great Glen. 大峡谷就在鱼鹰谷以北一英里处.
Once a mighty glacier, it divides the Highlands in two. 曾经是一个巨大的冰川,它把高地一分为二.
At its heart is the most famous body of water in Scotland 它的中心是苏格兰最著名的水体
Loch Ness. 尼斯湖.
It deserves its legendary reputation. 它应该享有传奇的声誉.
23 miles long, it contains more fresh water 23英里长,含有更多的淡水
than all the lakes in England and Wales combined. 超过英格兰和威尔士所有湖泊的总和.
As for the monster it still hasn't been found. 至于那个怪物,还没有找到.
But the Highlands are full of mysterious creatures. 但是高地上充满了神秘的生物.
POPPING NOISE 爆裂声
It's 4am in Abernethy Forest, and something is stirring. 凌晨4点在阿伯内西森林,有什么动静.
Capercaillie - the world's biggest grouse. 世界上最大的松鸡.
There are just over 1,000 left in Scotland 苏格兰只剩下一千多人了
and their stronghold is here in the pine forest. 他们的据点就在这里的松林里.
Their bizarre popping call penetrates deep into the forest. 他们奇怪的爆裂声深入森林深处.
It attracts the females to a ritualistic display 它吸引女性参加仪式性的展示
called a lek. 叫莱克人.
Here, in a forest clearing, 在这里,在森林的空地上,
the males will compete for the right to mate exclusively 雄性将争夺专属交配权
with all the females. 所有的女性.
Weighing in at more than 4kg, 体重超过4公斤,
this young male is in superb condition. 这个年轻的男性身体状况极好.
But an older male is up for the fight, too. 但是一个年长的男人也准备战斗.
This veteran, with a bald patch on his neck, has been 这位老兵脖子上有一块秃顶
king of the lek for many years. 列克国王很多年了.
The females look on from the treetops desperate to see 雌鸟从树梢上绝望地看着
which suitor will be victorious. 哪个求婚者会胜出.
It's time to raise the stakes. 是时候提高赌注了.
Game on! 游戏开始！
They're evenly matched - it's simply a question of who gives way first. 他们势均力敌——这只是一个谁先让步的问题.
The younger male is on the run 年轻的男人在逃亡
handing victory to the dominant, older bird. 把胜利交给占优势的老鸟.
Like an Emperor of the forest, he's retained mastery of the lek. 就像森林里的皇帝一样,他保留了对莱克人的统治.
All the females are his. 所有的女人都是他的.
Nearby, the female squirrel is feeding on pine cones. 在附近,雌松鼠正在吃松果.
The small seeds between the scales are a protein-rich food source 鳞片之间的小种子是富含蛋白质的食物来源
and she needs extra nourishment now. 她现在需要额外的营养.
She's just given birth. 她刚生完孩子.
There are two new kittens, 有两只新小猫,
hidden deep in her drey high up in a Scots pine. 藏在她深褐色的松树里.
Soft moss is ideal for lining the nest. 柔软的苔藓是筑巢的理想材料.
Squirrels are fastidiously clean animals. 松鼠是讲究清洁的动物.
But the tiny and blind babies can't leave the nest for a toilet break. 但是这些又小又瞎的婴儿不能离开巢去上厕所.
So, regularly changing the bedding is an important part 所以,定期更换床上用品是很重要的一部分
of the female squirrel's routine. 雌性松鼠的日常生活.
Although the drey is only ten inches across, 尽管德雷河只有十英寸宽,
it takes at least six mouthfuls of moss to fill it up and make it snug. 至少需要六口苔藓才能填满它,使它舒服.
Once the youngsters are able to grip and climb, 一旦孩子们能够抓握和攀爬,
they'll start leaving the drey to explore. 他们将开始离开德雷去探险.
But that's still many weeks away. 但还有好几个星期.
So, for now she's stuck with this time-consuming chore. 所以,现在她只能做这些费时的家务了.
High above Abernethy Forest, snow is still lying thick 在阿伯内西森林的高处,积雪仍然很厚
and deep on Cairngorm, Cairn Toul and Ben Macdui. 在凯恩戈姆深处,凯恩图尔和本麦克杜伊.
But it's 1st May, and spring is picking up pace. 但现在是5月1日,春天正在加快脚步.
Further down on the moorland edge, wild flowers are coming into bloom. 再往下,在沼泽地的边缘,野花正在盛开.
Bumblebees are buzzing and newborn lambs are playing. 大黄蜂在嗡嗡叫,新生的羔羊在玩耍.
There we go, shall we empty your bucket, Ernestine? 好了,我们把你的桶倒空好吗,欧内斯汀？
But despite the sunshine, the hill farmers know that it's still 但是尽管阳光明媚,山里的农民们知道
too early to risk taking the sheep on to the mountains. 太早了,不能冒险把羊带到山上.
Even in May, heavy snow can fall in the Highlands, 即使在五月,高地也会下大雪,
so, for now, they'll feed them here in the valley, close to the farm. 所以,现在,他们会在山谷里,靠近农场的地方喂养它们.
SHEEP BAA 羊咩
But for the wild creatures of the Highlands, 但对于高地的野生动物来说,
there's no chance of holding back and waiting for better conditions. 再也没有机会拖延和等待更好的条件了.
They just have to make the best of it, whatever the weather. 不管天气如何,他们都要好好利用.
Tawny owl and wagtail chicks 黄褐色猫头鹰和摇尾鸡
are already on the verge of independence. 已经处于独立的边缘.
And the osprey chicks are growing fast, too, 鱼鹰小鸡也长得很快,
demanding more and more fish from the male. 对公鱼的要求越来越高.
The roe deer can sense change is coming. 鹿能感觉到变化的来临.
Her youngster is now more mobile 她的孩子现在更灵活了
and she's instinctively moving it towards higher ground. 她本能地把它移到更高的地方.
It could be a wise move. 这可能是个明智的举动.
This valley has flooded many times in the past. 这个山谷过去曾多次被洪水淹没.
She can't help it across the fence. 她忍不住跨过了篱笆.
Now it's a week old, it has to work the problem out for itself. 现在已经一个星期了,它必须自己解决这个问题.
FAWN CRIES OUT 小鹿大叫
THUNDER RUMBLES 雷声隆隆
The weather has taken a turn for the worst. 天气转得最坏了.
It's deteriorating fast. 它正在迅速恶化.
Temperatures are sliding into single figures 气温正在下降成一个数字
and a cold front is now sweeping in from the Atlantic. 一股冷锋正从大西洋席卷而来.
Heavy rain is on its way. 大雨即将来临.
THUNDER RUMBLES 雷声隆隆
The three osprey chicks huddle beneath their mother's wings. 三只鱼鹰小鸡蜷缩在妈妈的翅膀下.
The nest is vulnerable now. 鸟巢现在很脆弱.
Spring downpours like this have been known to destroy osprey nests. 众所周知,像这样的春雨会毁坏鱼鹰的巢穴.
But for the dipper family, the situation is far more serious. 但对于北斗七星家族来说,情况要严重得多.
Practically a month's rain has fallen in 24 hours 24小时内几乎下了一个月的雨
and the river is still rising. 河水还在上涨.
The torrent has completely obscured the little nest and the adults 激流把小巢和大人完全淹没了
can only get in and out by flying behind the wall of water. 只有飞到水墙后面才能进出.
It's the worst possible time for the chicks to fledge. 这是小鸡羽化的最坏时机.
But the adults are calling them out. 但是大人们在叫他们出来.
There's no option now. 现在别无选择.
If they stay inside any longer, they'll be drowned. 如果他们再呆在里面,他们会淹死的.
They're in mortal danger. 他们有致命的危险.
Young dippers are weak flyers. One mistake and it's all over. 年轻的北斗七星是弱者.一个错误就结束了.
One across. 一个穿过.
The other four seem reluctant to go. 其他四个人似乎不愿意去.
The female has stopped feeding the chicks to encourage them out. 这只母鸡已经停止喂小鸡以鼓励它们出去.
If they're to eat, they must leave. 如果他们要吃饭,他们必须离开.
They're using the same route as the first chick. 他们用的路线和第一只小鸡一样.
But the surface is wet and slippery. 但表面又湿又滑.
There's just one left in the nest. 巢里只剩下一只了.
It's made it across. They're all out on their own. 已经过去了.他们都是自己出来的.
The chicks are desperate for food. 小鸡们渴望食物.
But rather than help her young, the females goes straight back to 但是,与其帮助她的孩子,女性们直接回到
repair the nest for a second brood. 为第二窝修理巢.
The desire to reproduce is more powerful than feeding 繁殖的欲望比喂养更强烈
the newly-fledged young. 新生的年轻人.
Without guidance from the adults, 没有大人的指导,
the chicks could still be washed away. 小鸡还是可以被冲走的.
This one's far too close to the edge. 这个离边缘太近了.
But the male is calling him upriver, away from danger. 但是那只公的叫他上游,远离危险.
Little by little. 一点一点.
And, at last, he gets his feed. 最后,他得到了食物.
Now for the first dip. 现在是第一次下探.
Dipper chicks need to swim well from soon after they emerge. 北斗七星的雏鸟在出现后不久就需要好好游泳.
In a week, their father's attention will end 再过一周,他们父亲的注意力就会消失
and they'll have to catch their own food. 他们得自己抓吃的.
Despite the perilous location, dippers have nested here 尽管地理位置危险,北斗七星还是在这里筑巢
on this Highland river for many years. 在这条高地河上呆了很多年.
And, hopefully, will be here for generations yet. 而且,希望,这几代人都能在这里生活.
At last, after two days of constant rain, the weather has cleared. 经过两天的持续降雨,天气终于转晴了.
The osprey nest is intact 鱼鹰巢完好无损
the young roe deer is thriving 小狍子茁壮成长
and the squirrel kittens make their first forays from the drey. 松鼠小猫第一次从沼泽地里觅食.
Now temperatures are rising. 现在气温正在上升.
And the Caledonian pine forest is awakening. 喀里多尼亚松林正在苏醒.
Warmed by the rays of the sun, 被阳光温暖,
the understory now seethes with life. 下层现在充满了生机.
They're Scottish wood ants. 他们是苏格兰木蚁.
Over six feet wide and teeming with a colony 100,000 strong, 六英尺宽,有10万人的殖民地,
this nest has stood in the heart of the forest for decades. 这个鸟巢在森林的中心已有几十年了.
With the sun now high overhead, the ants will do everything 太阳高高挂在头顶,蚂蚁会做任何事
they can to get the benefits of the warmth it brings. 他们可以从它带来的温暖中得到好处.
Teams of female worker ants sunbathe on the surface in shifts. 一队队的女工蚂蚁轮班在地面晒太阳.
Once they've heated up, they travel deep into the nest, 一旦它们升温,它们就会深入巢穴,
to transfer their warmth to the eggs and larvae in the brood chambers. 把它们的热量转移到孵卵室的卵和幼虫身上.
On the forest floor, ants swarm along regular trails 在森林地面上,蚂蚁沿着规则的小径成群结队
capturing insects to bring back to the nest for food. 捕捉昆虫带回巢中觅食.
Because these insects eat plants, this, in turn, protects trees 因为这些昆虫吃植物,这反过来又保护树木
and saplings from destruction. 从毁灭的树苗.
So, remarkably, these tiny ants safeguard the future of the forest. 所以,值得注意的是,这些小蚂蚁保护着森林的未来.
Rare timberman beetles also emerge in spring. 春天也会出现稀有的林栖甲虫.
With antennae four times the length of his body, this is 触角是他身体长度的四倍
the longest insect in Britain and another real pine forest speciality. 英国最长的昆虫和另一种真正的松林特产.
He's just emerged as an adult, 他刚成年,
after spending two years as a bark-eating grub. 在做了两年吃树皮的幼虫之后.
And he's on a mission to mate. 他在执行交配任务.
Quite why the antennae are so long is something of a mystery 为什么天线这么长是个谜
but it's certain that picking up the smell, sound and taste 但可以肯定的是
of a female beetle is a major reason for their incredible length. 雌性甲虫的一个主要原因是它们难以置信的长度.
He's got a female in his sights. 他看到了一个女人.
A successful meeting. 一次成功的会议.
The female will now lay her eggs in a suitable cleft in the bark, 雌鸟现在会在树皮的适当裂缝中产卵,
but it will be the last act of her life. 但这将是她生命中的最后一幕.
The adult beetles live for just a couple of months. 成虫只活几个月.
Back in the valley, the osprey chicks are exercising 在山谷里,鱼鹰小鸡们正在锻炼
their young wings in the sun. 它们在阳光下的翅膀.
They're almost ready to fly. 他们几乎准备好起飞了.
And they're not the only ones enjoying the warmth. 他们不是唯一享受温暖的人.
Common lizards live in the dry-stone wall beneath the nest. 普通的蜥蜴生活在巢下干燥的石墙里.
The Highlands are on the very northerly edge of their range 高地在他们山脉的北边
as they can't live without sunshine. 因为没有阳光他们就活不下去.
So now is the time they're most active. 所以现在是他们最活跃的时候了.
They're safe from the fish-eating ospreys but they do have enemies. 他们是安全的,从鱼吃鱼鹰,但他们确实有敌人.
Adders - Scotland's only poisonous snakes. 毒蛇-苏格兰唯一的毒蛇.
The lizards need to constantly watch for danger. 蜥蜴需要时刻注意危险.
But, today, the snakes are unlikely to strike. 但是,今天,蛇不太可能攻击.
They're about to shed their skins. 他们要脱皮了.
Yawning wide may help stretch the skin to help it split. 打呵欠可能有助于伸展皮肤,帮助它分裂.
But the moult will take many days 但是蜕皮需要很多天
and the lizards are safe 蜥蜴是安全的
for now. 现在.
OSPREY CALLS 鱼鹰呼叫
The female osprey's calling in alarm 雌鱼鹰在报警
and down go the chicks into the bowl of the nest. 把小鸡放进窝里.
There's an intruder in the valley. 山谷里有个入侵者.
It's another osprey, a male who's failed to find his own 是另一只鱼鹰,一只没有找到属于自己的雄性
territory this year and he wants to move in. 今年他想搬进来.
He wouldn't try to kill the chicks but if they were 他不想杀小鸡,但如果他们是
knocked from the nest they'd be unable to fly back to safety. 从巢中被击落,他们将无法飞回安全的地方.
That's far too close. 太近了.
Time for direct action from the male. 男性直接行动的时间到了.
And up flies the female. 雌苍蝇飞起来.
Female ospreys are much bigger than males 雌鱼比雄鱼大得多
and quite capable of seeing off an unwanted intruder. 很有能力赶走不受欢迎的入侵者.
Especially when there are chicks in the nest. 尤其是在巢里有小鸡的时候.
The family is safe. 这家人很安全.
It's now only a matter of days before the youngsters 现在年轻人只需要几天时间
make their first flight. 做他们的第一次飞行.
The wheel of the seasons is turning 四季轮回
and spring is rapidly becoming summer. 春天很快就变成了夏天.
The mountains and glens are at their greenest as the natural world 群山和峡谷是最绿的自然世界
enters its busiest time in the Highlands. 进入高原最繁忙的时期.
And nowhere is this more evident than in the sea. 在海洋中,这一点最为明显.
Here in the Moray Firth, a pod of dolphins are heading to a feast. 在马里湾,一群海豚正前往一个盛宴.
They're bottlenose dolphins, one of 23 different species 它们是宽吻海豚,23种不同的海豚之一
of cetacean that have been seen off Scottish coasts. 在苏格兰海岸被发现的鲸目动物.
Nearly 200 individuals have been recorded here socialising, 有近200人在这里进行社交活动,
breeding and hunting together. 一起繁殖和狩猎.
They usually seek out mackerel, squid and herring 他们通常寻找鲭鱼、鱿鱼和鲱鱼
but there is one species of fish that the bottlenose dolphins 但是有一种鱼类宽吻海豚
prize above all others 奖品高于一切
Atlantic salmon. 大西洋鲑鱼.
With Highland rivers now swollen to the brink, due to heavy rain, 由于大雨,高地的河流已经涨到了边缘,
the fish are heading towards the interior to start their journeys 鱼正朝着内陆去开始它们的旅程
to the spawning grounds. 去产卵场.
And the dolphins will be waiting for them. 海豚会等着他们.
The best place to ambush the fish is Chanonry Point near Inverness. 埋伏这条鱼的最佳地点是因弗内斯附近的一个安全点.
The tidal run here means the fish are directed 这里的潮汐流意味着鱼被引导
into a deep and narrow channel 进入一条又深又窄的通道
where the dolphins wait 海豚等待的地方
to ambush them in the murky, fast-moving water. 把他们埋伏在黑暗,快速移动的水中.
Very big fish are running today. Some are 20lbs or more. 今天有大鱼在跑.有些是20磅或更重.
But swallowing such a huge fish isn't easy. 但吞下这么大的鱼并不容易.
They need to slip down in exactly the right way and that means 他们需要以正确的方式滑倒,这意味着
regurgitating and reswallowing until the position is exactly right. 反刍和再翻滚直到位置完全正确.
Sometimes twisting your body actually seems to help. 有时候扭动你的身体似乎有帮助.
And down it goes. 然后下去.
Over the next few weeks, the dolphins will be catching more 在接下来的几周里,海豚将捕获更多
and more salmon as the fish start their migratory 更多的鲑鱼开始迁徙
journey into the heart of the Highlands. 前往高地的中心.
But other migrants will be leaving the Highlands behind. 但其他移民将离开高地.
In the valley, there are big changes. 在山谷里,有很大的变化.
All three chicks have learned to fly and are spending longer 三只小鸡都学会了飞行,而且花的时间更长
and longer out of the nest. 离巢更远.
Now the chicks can fly independently, 现在小鸡可以独立飞行了,
their parents are preparing to switch roles. 他们的父母正准备转换角色.
For nine weeks, the male has caught every single fish 九个星期以来,公鱼每一条鱼都被捕获
while mum has delivered all the care in the nest. 妈妈已经把窝里所有的东西都送来了.
Now the entire burden of childcare will shift to him. 现在所有的育儿负担都将转移到他身上.
For the next fortnight, it'll be his job to teach them 接下来的两周,他的工作就是教他们
all he knows about how to soar, 他只知道如何飞翔,
dive and catch fish before they head off on their epic migration. 在它们开始史诗般的迁徙之前,潜水捕鱼.
As for the female, relieved of her parental duties, she's already on 至于那个被解除了父母职责的女人
her way south, starting out on the 3,000 mile journey to West Africa. 她一路向南,开始了3000英里的西非之旅.
The extreme spring weather of the Scottish Highlands provides 苏格兰高地的极端春季天气提供
endless challenges for all its residents. 所有居民都面临着无尽的挑战.
But animals here are resilient, adaptable and strong. 但是这里的动物有弹性,适应性强.
For them, these mountains, 对他们来说,这些山,
forests and rivers offer unmatched opportunity. 森林和河流提供了无与伦比的机会.
That's why the ospreys will return here year after year. 这就是为什么鱼鹰会年复一年地回到这里.
Back to their home, in Scotland's living wild heart. 回到他们的家,在苏格兰的野性生活的心.
Next time 下次
Highland animals race towards independence before summer's end. 在夏季结束前,高地动物向独立的方向奔跑.
Young otters need to stop playing and learn to catch fish. 小水獭需要停止玩耍,学会捕鱼.
Golden eagles ceaselessly hunt for mountain hares. 金鹰不停地捕猎山兔.
And tiny guillemot chicks face a desperate leap for life 小鸡鸡们面临着生命的绝望跳跃
as they fall to the sea from 400-foot cliffs. 当他们从400英尺高的悬崖上掉到海里.